The Middle East Essay Example for Free

The Middle East Essay The superpowers played a vital role in bringing change in the Middle East, although this change was not always necessarily good. There are key example of Superpowers contributing war, but equally the superpowers also restricted war as well. At the start of the period in 1948: the superpowers played an important role in the creation of Israel. The USA was the most notable country to showcase their support for Zionism, especially following the aftermath of the second war. The UN special committee on the Palestinian issue included the USA, and hence their voice was vital in echoing the voices of Palestinian Jews. The USSR also supported the creation of a Jewish state because sympathy for Jews following the Holocaust was also high with the Soviet Union. And when the state of Israel was finally declared in May 1948, the USA was the first country to recognise Israel. Israeli survival was also dependent upon American support, as during the First Arab Israeli conflict to have received around 15,000 rifles from the USA which were crucial in defeating the Arabs. The voice of the super powers, in particular the USA was therefore very important the creation of Israel, and without such a powerful ally, it is likely that Israel would have ceased to exist. This links to the second change brought about by the Superpowers as the USA and USSR used the Middle East to compete with each other- the USA having already expressed support for Israel left the USSR backing the Arabs. President Nasser tried to exploit superpower support to gain funding for his Aswan dam and the USA fearing Soviet influence refused to loan Nasser money. The USSR however backed the Egypt which furthered tensions between Egypt and Israel. With the Soviet Union handing out weapons to Egypt, the USA saw it only approiate to fund the Israelis handing out $65 million. With the support of superpower support, both countries edged closer to war because they felt better prepared. This was a change from 1948 when the Superpowers were not directly fuelling the conflict. This links to a third change, as the superpowers realised that they could not afford to create conflict between the countries in the Middle East in case it spilled over into a large scaled war. That’s why, when the Israelis eventually attacked Israel, backed by French and British forces the USA immediately threatened Britain with financial sanctions if she refused to withdraw. The Soviet Union even threatened Britain with a nuclear weapons. So a clear change can be where the Superpower prevented conflict rather than causing it. Perhaps the most significant change brought about by the superpowers was the Six day war. Following the Suez crisis in 1956, tension began rising as war broke out in 1967. The USA had been funding the Israelis and handing them weapons whilst the Soviets had been doing the same with the Israelis. The Soviets provided false intelligence to the Syrians that an Israeli attack was immanent and this only served to increase the tensions between the two sides eventually spilling over into a war. Israel’s superior equipment was showcased as they destroyed the Egyptian air force almost entirely within 6 hours. One can say that this is due to the USA and the funding provided by them. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE International relations 1945-1991 section.

Rosa Luxemburg :: essays research papers

Rosa Luxemburg Rosa Luxemburg was one of the finest political theorists of the 20th century. Rosa Luxemburg was a German socialist leader and revolutionary. She was prominent in the international socialist movements in the early years of the 20th century. She believed that only socialism could bring true freedom and social justice. At the age of five she became seriously ill. After recovering she walked with a limp and later sciatic pain caused her much trouble. Rosa Luxemburg founded the German Communist party. Rosa was born into prosperous Jewish family in Russian Poland. Until recently, little was known of Rosa Luxemburg's personal history. She guarded her private life assiduously. Newly discovered information has revealed her unique family environment that can be directly attributed to her accomplishments as an adult. Her family relationship was close and always supportive. She was born on March 5, 1871 in Zamosc, Poland which was part of Russia then. She was educated in Warsaw, where she became active in political societies. In 1889 she went to Poland to avoid being arrested for her activities and settled in Switzerland. She studied natural science and political economy at the University of Zurich. While there she wrote a doctoral dissertation entitled The Industrial Development of Poland in 1898. In 1898 she migrated to Germany, acquiring citizenship by marriage to a German worker and became part of the German Social Democratic party (SPD). It was leading organization of international socialism. During the Russian Revolution of 1905 Rosa went to Warsaw to participate in the struggle and was imprisoned. After her release she taught in the SPD school in Berlin during 1907-1914 and wrote The Accumulation of Capital in 1913. At the outbreak of World War I, she and the German socialist Karl Liebknecht formed a revolutionary faction within the SPD that became known as the Spartacists.

My Mom is My Hero

There are many other definitions of what a hero may be. Some may say heroes are noted for their â€Å"feats of courage or nobility of purpose, especially one who has risked or sacrificed his or her life†. Some may often see them as mythological legends, â€Å"endowed with great courage and strength, and celebrated for their bold exploits. † In my personal view a hero can be anyone of who you could relate to, and also more importantly stands up for what they believe. Does everyone have a hero? I don’t know but all I could say is that I do.And she is not found in a comic book or in the TV she is found right here at this little warm place that I call home. Who could this hero be? It’s my mom, Lucia Espinal. She is my hero because she works hard, is a family woman, and more importantly she believes in me. First, heroes are hard to find all because they are diligent workers. My mother is very hard working. She has worked her whole life to get where she is now. For many years my mom has been the only provider for this family. After dad left us home without a cent to feed us, she went out to work each day to support this growing family.Second, In order to be a great hero, one must be likeable and family oriented. Family is very important to my mother. When I think of my mom I think of how strong she is and how she has helped me throughout my 15 years. There hasn’t been a time in my life where I was going through a hard time and my mom wasn’t there, guiding me through it. My mom is a very selfless person. She is always sure to make sure other people’s needs are full-filled before hers are. She cares for her 4 children as if we were the most valuable thing to the world. To her, we are the most valuable thing in the world.Furthermore, my mom is my hero because she was always there for me when I was feeling down and out. She would try to cheer me up and she usually did. She knew what kind of medication to give me when I was not feeling well or when I was hurt. My mom is my hero because she has been only one who stays when the people I think are my friends leave. She is my hero because she has always been there just in case u needed someone to talk to and she would always listen to me. My mother is my hero because she is hard working and cares for her family.

A Report On The Environmental Protection Agency - 859 Words

Back in September of 2015 â€Å" the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) found that many VW cars being sold in America had a defeat device - or software - in diesel engines that could detect when they were being tested, changing the performance accordingly to improve results. The German car giant has since admitted cheating emissions tests in the US† (Hotten). Based on our text the management ethics organizational characteristics, ethical norms, motives, goals, orientation toward law and strategy can fall into the three approaches to management ethics: immoral, amoral and moral. While the VW scandal is a complex case ultimately, â€Å"the EPA has said that the engines had computer software that could sense test scenarios by monitoring speed, engine operation, air pressure and even the position of the steering wheel. When the cars were operating under controlled laboratory conditions - which typically involve putting them on a stationary test rig - the device appears to h ave put the vehicle into a sort of safety mode in which the engine ran below normal power and performance. Once on the road, the engines switched out of this test mode† (Hotten). Ethical Norms Immoral Management - Management s decisions, actions and behaviors imply positive and active to what is moral (Carroll) The employees at VW had to know been aware, maybe not all of them but at least the engineers, would have know that they software could distort the readings from the vehicle s emissions test. MakingShow MoreRelatedA Energy Source For The State Of Florida1285 Words   |  6 PagesPurpose The purpose of this report is to inform you of a suitable energy source to meet the projected demands of the state of Florida for the next ten years. I recommend a hybrid plant that uses both solar energy and natural gas. I am certain that a hybrid plant is the most suitable energy source for the State of Florida for the next 10 years. Statistics Florida’s Statistics Florida Public Service Commission reports that as of 2014, natural gas generates 58.89%, or the majority of Florida’s energyRead MoreEnvironmental Quality Report : Pensacola Bay1333 Words   |  6 PagesGEO 2330 Environmental Quality Report Pensacola Bay When it comes to Pensacola Bay there are many environmental factors to consider when wanting to know how well the area is doing in relation to quality of the land, air and water. In this report, the examination will be upon the water quality of Pensacola Bay. The water quality of Pensacola Bay is very complex and in order for ecosystems and organisms to survive in a small contained space the chemistry has to be just right. This report will examineRead MoreAnalysing the Environmental Impact Assessment Systems around the World1701 Words   |  7 PagesPà ¶là ¶nen et al in 2011 conducted research on â€Å"The effectiveness of the Finnish EIA system†. He inspected main weaknesses and strengths of EIA as a participatory and preventive environmental management tool. According to him EIA has enhanced the legitimacy of the planning processes and tools used in environmental policy. The planning has been made more transparent through the participation of stakeholders. In the earl y phase of Planning, the participation has made it possible to strengthen the trustRead MoreThe Effects Of Pesticides On The Ecosystem Of Agricultural Organisms1491 Words   |  6 Pageson an industrial scale in the US. The Environmental Protection Agency is reviewing the widespread use of the chemicals after President Obama established a national Pollinator Health Task Force to address concerns about the decreasing population of pollinating animals. Other factors are believed to have contributed to the population decrease such as mites, poor nutrition, viruses and fungi. The European Academies Science Advisory Council has released a report saying that research is being conductedRead MoreEnvironmental Conservation Of Tampa Bay1638 Words   |  7 Pages Environmental Conservation in Tampa Bay Natalie Marshall Everest University October 2, 2014 â€Æ' Environmental Conservation in Tampa Bay Give a hoot, don’t pollute! This slogan was popular in the 1970’s when a cute animated owl named Woodsy the Owl was introduced on television in a public service announcement by the U. S. Forestry service in an antilitter campaign. Don’t be a dirty bird was an additional slogan associated with this cute character to grab the attention of children as well asRead MoreBusiness Regulation Law 5311295 Words   |  6 Pageshas to comply with certain laws and regulations. For example, retailers like Wal-Mart, Target and Kroger have to comply with the Department of Labor and a manufacturing company like LM Fiberglass and Toyota would have to comply with the Environmental Protection Agency and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). When an organization do not comply with the state and federal regulation the company can face fines or become caught up in major litigation, costing the company major expenses.Read MoreClean Air Laws Should Reduce Smoking Essay 700 Words   |  3 PagesClean air laws have been passed to diminish the injurious effects of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on non†smokers by limiting or prohibition of smoking in designated public areas (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1986; Environmental Protection Agency, 1992). Clean air laws help in reducing exposure to second†hand smoke, and they also reduce smoking rates. Limitations on smoking may reduce smoking by decreasing occasions to smoke and by modifying behavior changes towards smoking (DepartmentRead MorePFOA Essay1347 Words   |  6 Pageset al., 2010; Steenland and Woskie, 2012). Light decomposition of compounds with a carbon fluorine chain, such as PFOA, occurs at extremely slow (European Chemical Agency, 2013). This causes the compound to bioaccumulate not only in organisms, but in the food chain as well (European Chemical Agency, 2013; Environmental Protection Agency, 2014). Public Awareness: PFOA in the Media, Non-Government Organizations, and Legislation Early in the twenty first century, the public, consumers, and Non-GovernmentalRead MoreEnvironmental Challenges Facing The American Auto Industry Essay775 Words   |  4 PagesEnvironmental Challenges facing the American Auto Industry The American Auto Industry has evolved for many decades with pioneers such as Ford Motor Company. The United States Auto Industry was once upon a time a global leader in the automotive industry but due to knowledge and skills acquisition by other automobile manufacturers such as Toyota, the once American Auto Industry leadership has been surpassed. I will give discuss this following paragraphs. Global Competition in the Industry So far theRead MoreEffects of Strip Mining on the Appalachian Environment Essay861 Words   |  4 Pagesthe mining industry directly employs some fifty thousand Americans with nearly half that number working in the more specific field of strip mining, or mountain top removal (â€Å"Average†). The Intergovermental Panel on Climate Change reports in their â€Å"Fourth Assessment Report† that coal derives half the electricity production in the U.S., with the U.S. exporting approximately six percent of the coal produced (Sims). Despite the positives, strip mining poses some serious consequences to the environment

The Causes Of Poverty With Special Focus On India

Recently, a girl living in the Himalayas ended her life due to severe poverty. Poverty is one of the leading causes of death among people in developing countries. Poverty is defined by lack of the basic necessities to live such as food, water and shelter. Did you know over 3 billion people live on less than $2.50 a day, which is 43% of the world’s population i.e almost half (worldbank). Poverty is caused by a variety of things including overpopulation, lack of education, environmental degradation and economic factors. The following essay goes in depth on the various causes of poverty with special focus on India. Political influences in India such as income inequality, globalization, capitalism and corruption are major causes of poverty. Income inequality occurs when there is a big difference between the rich and poor. This occurs partially because of globalization because big companies like Wal-mart and Joe fresh have sweatshops located in India where they pay their workers very little for tough jobs accompanied with very poor working conditions. These wages are simply not enough for the workers, they are not able to put food on the table at the end of the day after putting so much effort into a job. The Guardian finds that more than 20% of India’s econmy depends on children which equals 55 million young individual under the age of 14. These third world countries are influenced by capitalist countries causing big corporations to make poor countries even poorer. TheseShow MoreRelatedDifferent Solutions to Poverty in Urban Areas1357 Words   |  6 PagesDifferent solutions to poverty in urban areas 1. Introduction: Poverty can be defined in two ways, which are absolute poverty and relative poverty. In terms of absolute poverty, Murray (2004:2) suggests that the lack of an adequate income and cannot gain access to basic necessities to provide for basic human needs-food, clothing, warmth and shelter- are a clear indication of poverty. In a relative way, there was an assumption that a certain standard of living was normal, and that those living belowRead MoreCauses Of Child Labour1235 Words   |  5 PagesPrevents children from going to school. †¢ Uses children to undermine labour standards. CAUSES OF CHILD LABOUR For much of human history and across different cultures, children less than 17 years old have contributed to family welfare in a variety of ways. There are various reasons which lead to child labour. Some of the important reasons are as follows: †¢ POVERTY:  UNICEF suggests that poverty is a big cause for child labour. The report also notes that in rural and impoverished parts of developingRead MoreImproving The Standard Of Gross Domestic Product1201 Words   |  5 PagesTo keep the economy running smoothly, to maintain price stability and to alleviate poverty are the main goals for formulating policies around the world. The experiences of every country are various as different patterns of economic development. Although it is widely accepted that the reduction of poverty accompanies the economic growth of a country, which encourages many countries, especially some developing countries, to concentrate on improving the standard of gross domestic product (GDP), it isRead MoreThe Construction Of The British Indian Urban Scene1448 Words   |  6 PagesThere were cities in India since ancient times which were commonly known for power and trading activities. villages were self- sufficient at that times. So the rate of migr ation was very low. But due to degradation in village agrarian system, old chains began to break and process of migration to cities started in search of livelihoods. The nature of urbanization process changed with the arrival of the British East India Company. The major contributions of the British to the Indian urban scene were:Read MoreCsr : Csr Into Business Models1291 Words   |  6 Pagessociety at large. There are many ways business to incorporate CSR into business models. In this essay I will describe how businesses can incorporate CSR into their business models by providing good working conditions for their employees, reducing poverty and unemployment, donating to charities, and investing in education and the environment. To begin with, in recent years CSR has become important part of business. Business can provide great work condition to employees and their family by utilisingRead MoreThe Effect Of Tnf Monoclonal Antibody On Children And Resource Poor Communities Essay1740 Words   |  7 Pagespeople who are young or elderly tend to be weaker than those of healthy adults. * Malnutrion- (Low body weight 10% or more below average) Tuberculosis is closely linked to both overcrowding and malnutrition, making it one of the principal diseases of poverty. Those at high risk thus include: people who inject illicit drugs, inhabitants and employees of locales where vulnerable people gather (e.g. prisons and homeless shelters), medically underprivileged and resource-poor communities, high-risk ethnicRead MoreAmerican Charity Organizations : America s Stand Point On The Ordeal1290 Words   |  6 Pagesfully comprehend the growing lack of jobs, poverty, hunger, poor health care, and meager education that takes place across the nation. American charity foundations are often eager to jump to the rescue of other countries, but what about the detrimental issues that occur and worsen here every day? In the past, the majority of organizations are predominantly directed at foreign countries; helping places such as Ethiopia, India, Somalia, etc. While here, poverty and d ebt are increasing by surmountableRead MoreViolence Against Women In India1556 Words   |  7 Pagesdestabilized and powerless . In India patriarchy and gender discrimination are the main reasons of violence perperiated against women and girls. Violence against women is a global issue; it’s a stigma on civilized society which is compelling intellectuals to focus on this alarming situation. So many laws are introduced day by day to eradicate the problem but it is not so easy to overcome it without awakening of society. In this paper an attempt has been made to analyze the causes and its impact on victimRead MoreAmerica s Stand Point On The Ordeal1565 Words   |  7 Pagesfully comprehend the growing lack of jobs, poverty, hunger, poor health care, and meager education that takes place across the nation. American charity foundations are often eager to jump to the rescue of other countries, but what about the detrimental issues that occur and worsen here every day? In the past , the majority of organizations are predominantly directed at foreign countries; helping places such as Ethiopia, India, Somalia, etc. While here, poverty and debt are increasing by surmountableRead MoreOverpopulation Essay1193 Words   |  5 PagesCritics argue that instead of allowing poverty to persist, it is important to limit our number of poor people (The Population Explosion: Causes and Consequences). Population growth around the world is not equally distributed. Between 1750 and 1950, the population explosion began in Europe and America. After 1950, a much larger population explosion started to take place in Asia, Latin America and Africa. More than 1.3 billion live in China and 1.2 billion in India, together making up more than one third

María Eva Evita Duarte Perón A Radical in Argentina Essay

As a revolutionary, Eva Duarte Perà ³n transformed the lives of Argentina’s working class. Her influence in politics, also, shaped the way that women were viewed in the government. Eva was concerned with the welfare of the public which motivated her to try and improve their everyday life. Juan Duarte, Eva’s father, had two families: one with his legitimate wife and another with his mistress, Juana Ibarguren. Born on May 7, 1919, Marà ­a Eva was the fifth born child of Duarte’s mistress, Juana. It was public knowledge that Juan Duarte had two families. For a while, he tried to divide his time equally amongst the two families. Eventually, he left his mistress and their children to fend for themselves. Duarte passed away in a car†¦show more content†¦Perà ³n, a rising political and military power in Argentina, soon developed a close relationship with Eva. Using her charm and appeal, Eva rallied support for Perà ³n’s presidential campaign. Perà ³n’s popularity led to his arrest in 1945 but, Eva organized a mass demonstration that, on October 17, 1945, led to his release. October 17 is still celebrated today as the â€Å"day of loyalty† or â€Å"Dà ­a de la lealtad† by supporters of Perà ³n. By this time, the two of them were living together in a house in the northern part of the city, but this was creating problems for Perà ³n because he was living with an unmarried woman who was several years younger than he was. Therefore, on October 21, 1945, Juan Perà ³n and Eva Duarte were formally married. The fact that they saw eye-to-eye on politics may have been a part of their romance. They agreed that it was time for Argentina’s â€Å"descamisados† or shirtless ones to get a reasonable share of the country’s affluence. This marital bond made Perà ³n politically stronger than ever. In February 1946, Perà ³n became a candidate for the presidential election in Argentina and chose Juan Hortensio Quijano, a popular radical, as his running mate. Eva was actively participating in her husband’s campaign, by accompanying him on his campaign stops and regularly appearing with him in public, something never done by a woman in Argentina before. She was more focused on the less fortunate groups of society in ArgentinaShow MoreRelatedEssay about Argentina4537 Words   |  19 PagesArgentina Europeans arrived in the region with the 1502 voyage of Amerigo Vespucci. Spanish navigator Juan Diaz de Solias visited what is now Argentina in 1516. Spain established a permanent colony on the site of Buenos Aires in 1580. They further integrated Argentina into their empire following the establishment of the Vice-Royalty of Rio de la Plata in 1776, and Buenos Aires became a flourishing port. Buenos Aires formally declared independence from Spain on July 9, 1816. Argentines revere

Principles of Financial Cycle and Macroeconomics

Question: Discuss about the Principles of Financial Cycle and Macroeconomics. Answer: Introduction Every economy faces certain macro and microeconomic issues that degrade the economic performance and stability. In order to understand the causes and impact of these issues, the Australian economy is chosen. The current situation of the Australian economy is discussed to determine the general stability. Furthermore, two major macroeconomic issues of Australia are identified. Discussion regarding the factors that cause the problems in the economy is made. The importance of government in addressing each of the issues is also discussed to help the economy increase its efficiency and productivity. The current macroeconomic situation of Australia The Australian economy is one of the largest mixed market economies all over the globe. As per the economic report, the GDP of the country is AUD$1.62 trillion. The total wealth of the economy is more than AUD$6.4 trillion. In 2012, Australia was the largest economy regarding nominal GDP. The economy of Australia is dominated by service sectors and comprises of 68% of total GDP. The economic growth of the country is further depended on the mining sector and agriculture sector. In the recent times, it has been identified that the economy is experiencing the decline in the mining industry. However, the economy of Australia remained resilient and stable in spite of the downfall in the mining industry (Benassy, 2014). As per the report of September 2016, the inflation rate (CPI) was 1.0%. The level of the labour force was 12 million while the unemployment rate was 5.7%. As Australia is a large largest mixed economy, it imports as well as exports large amount of goods. The net export of Australia was US$184.4 billion. It exported goods such as gold, iron ore, meat, alumina, machinery, and wool and transport equipment. The main export partners of Australia are China (32.2%), Japan (15.9%), South Korea (7.1%), United States (5.4%) and India (4.2%). The economy further imports goods from other economy and thus import amounts to US$208.4 billion. The country imports goods such as computers and office machines, machinery and transport equipment, crude oil and petroleum products, telecommunication equipment and parts. The major import partners are China, United States, Japan, South Korea, Thailand, and Germany. It can thus be stated that the economy earns higher amount from the import than the revenue ea rned from export. The public debt of Australia was 23.3% of GDP, and the budget deficit is $43.7 billion. However, the revenue earned by the economy is observed to be lower than the expenses. The economy earns revenue of approx $373.9 billion whereas the expense is $413.8 billion. It can be thus commented that the economic condition of Australia needs to be improved further. In order to remain sustained in the global market, Australia needs to adopt strategies that will help to increase the number of exports and revenue. The current macroeconomic situation of Australia can be considered stable with a smooth economic growth. However, with the end of commodity boom in Australia, the growth has slow down to a great extent (Mankiw, 2014). Nevertheless, the economy has not gone into a period of recession. The macroeconomic indicators such as GDP, inflation, unemployment, debt and current account balance of Australia varies favourably. The growth rate has increased at a constant rate while the unemployment rate is lower than most of the OECD economies. Two major macroeconomic problems and their main causes Australia faces inflation issues in the economy. Inflation refers to the rise in the price level of goods and services over a period of time that causes a loss in the value of the currency. Unlike developed world, the economic issues regarding inflation are opposite in Australia. The central bankers of Australia have hated this kind of inflation. The price level of oil had increased to a certain level that raised concern among the bankers as well as the common people. The problem of inflation adversely affected the workers of Australia who are not likely to get an increase in their payment (Coeurdacier Rey, 2013). Moreover, the business or firms that are unable to increase to increase their price level are affected as the profit margin falls. The inflation rate of Australia also hampers the revenue collection of the government from the tax. Due to the high inflation rate, the monetary policy was calibrated for the higher rate of 2%. However, this was accepted by the bankers as there were more borrowers allowed the average loan size to increase (Bernanke, Antonovics Frank, 2015). This resulted in more profit even though the rates were low. The inflation in Australia was a result of too much spending by the individuals during the economic bloom. The inflation resulted from the demand side. Borio, (2014) further mentioned that the aggregate demand of economy leads to widespread shortage which causes the price level of goods and services to rise. On the other hand, as the production costs rise there occurs cost inflation in the economy. The inflation rate of Australia is stunningly low. As per the RBA target, it needs to be 2 to 3 percent while Australia experiences 1.0%. This indicates that the economy is weak and needs to regulate the economic spending. The other problem that the economy faces is high unemployment rate. Unemployment can be described as a situation where the individuals actively seek job but are unable to find jobs over a given period of time. The analysis of new ABS data infers that there a number of unemployed people in the economy. In addition to this, there is a number of individuals who just started with new jobs. Altogether, it can be called as a hopeless index. According to Gandolfo, (2013), it becomes difficult for the individuals to find a new job after losing their existing job in an economy with high unemployment rate. The employment growth in Australia had failed to meet the level of expectation. There was a fall in the full time unemployment rate by 40,600, which overshadowed an increase in the part time employment rate. The causes of unemployment in Australia vary. However, the common cause of unemployment that the economy faces is the shutting down of industries in South Australia and across Australia in general. As the employers shut down their business or industries, it leads to thousands of workers losing their job. Moreover, in the economy of South Australia, the issue have greater impact as there is insufficient industry diversity to recruit the unemployed individuals. On the other, the decrease in private and public spending causes the industries to move overseas (Scarth, 2014). This further creates unemployment in the economy. It can be thus inferred that Australia needs to pay much attention towards the development of the economy in order to decrease the unemployment rate. Government measures The government of Australia plays a very important role in addressing the issues such as inflation and unemployment. Both inflation and unemployment are major macroeconomic issues that need to be effectively handled by Australia in order to maintain the sustainable market position in the global market. The government can apply various methods to bring the inflation rate under control. However, it is important to choose appropriate methods of addressing inflation. Controlling inflation through wage and price control causes the recession in the economy and thus creates addition problem for the economy. Hansen, (2016) mentioned that the contractionary monetary policy is one of the useful controlling methods. The policy aims to reduce the money supply in the economy by decreasing the price of bonds and increasing the rate of interest. The economic spending is thereby reduced. The spending is reduced since a lesser amount of money is available to the individuals. This further reduces the inflation rate. During the inflation in Australia, it is important to reduce the spending as it restricts the economic growth for certain time duration along with the rate of inflation (Gal, 2015). In order to carry out the contractionary policy, the government can achieve its goal in three ways. First, the government can increase the interest rate; the second way is to increase the reserve requirement by a certain amount of money such that there is adequate money to keep on hands to cover up withdraws. The third method is to reduce the money supply through direct or indirect enacting policies (Taylor, 2016). The government can also reduce the unemployment in the economy by adopting several policies such as monetary and fiscal policies. As per the monetary policy, the interest rate can be lowered so that the aggregate demand increases. The rise in the demand for goods and services will encourage the sellers to produce more goods. Therefore, more workers will be employed to increase the production and further decrease the unemployment rate. The fiscal policy includes cutting down the tax rate (Weiss, 2014). When the tax rate is lowered, the disposable income of the individual rises. This further increases the aggregate demand and reduces the unemployment rate in Australia. The firms can further deliver education and training tothe unemployed to increase their skills or match their skills with the demand of the market. This will reduce the structural unemployment in the economy. The geographical subsidies provided by the firms helps to invest in depressed areas. The government can reduce real wage unemployment in Australia by reducing the minimum wage of the employees. As per the words of Georgellis, (2015), more flexible labour market makes it easy for the firms to hire workers. It is, therefore, important for Australia to adopt strategies that will make the labour market more flexible and thus allow easy absorption of employees to reduce unemployment. It can be thus stated that the government and other institution of Australia can reduce the macroeconomic issues with the implementation of effective strategies. Conclusion The Australian economy is stable with a continuous economic growth. However, there has been a slowdown in the economy growth to a great extent. There is an increase in the growth rate at a constant rate whereas the level of unemployment is lower than most of the OECD economies. The two economic issues that prevailed in the economy were inflation and unemployment. Different factors caused these issues in the economy. However, the government is capable of addressing these issues with the implementation of monetary, fiscal and other different policies in the economy. References Benassy, J. P. (2014).Macroeconomics: an introduction to the non-Walrasian approach. Academic Press. Bernanke, B., Antonovics, K., Frank, R. (2015).Principles of macroeconomics. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Borio, C. (2014). The financial cycle and macroeconomics: What have we learnt?.Journal of Banking Finance,45, 182-198. Coeurdacier, N., Rey, H. (2013). Home bias in open economy financial macroeconomics.Journal of Economic Literature,51(1), 63-115. Gal, J. (2015).Monetary policy, inflation, and the business cycle: an introduction to the new Keynesian framework and its applications. Princeton University Press. Gandolfo, G. (2013).International Economics II: International Monetary Theory and Open-Economy Macroeconomics. Springer Science Business Media. Georgellis, Y. (2015, January). Regional unemployment and employee organizational commitment. InAcademy of Management Proceedings(Vol. 2015, No. 1, p. 12430). Academy of Management. Hansen, B. (2016).A Study in the Theory of Inflation. Routledge. Mankiw, N. G. (2014).Principles of macroeconomics. Cengage Learning. Scarth, W. (2014). Macroeconomics.Books. Taylor, J. B. (2016). The Staying Power of Staggered Wage and Price Setting Models in Macroeconomics. Weiss, A. (2014).Efficiency wages: Models of unemployment, layoffs, and wage dispersion. Princeton University Press.